Protected: My Advice – How to Prepare for the CWE Exam
August 25, 2013 Enter your password to view comments.
Old World, New World – The “Secret Weapon” of Blind Tasting
June 25, 2013 7 Comments
Beaujolais…Totally Old World
Whew!! Preparing this CWE Preview is really taking over my life…but it has led to some interesting blog posts as well (or so I’d like to believe…)
Today while starting to write my study tips and design my presentation about the Varietal/Appellation Identification portion (aka the “Blind Tasting,” which is actually a semi-blind tasting) of the CWE Exam, I began to consolidate all of my notes about what constitutes the “Old World” style as opposed to the “New World” style.
While it almost pains me to make sure generalities about wine (really, what in what other field could we get away with spouting such obvious prejudice?), I thought I’d share my notes with you, in the hopes that either you can benefit from it – or, if you totally disagree – could enjoy letting me know why I’m wrong! Here goes:
Old World, New World – The “Secret Weapon” of Blind Tasting
This technique helps you identifty a wine’s place of origin – or at least narrow it down – based on some basic style parameters.
In a nutshell: the prevailing style of “Old World” wines is subtle, while the prevailing style of “New World” wines is bold. The root causes of these stylistic differences include vine growing conditions, including climate and soil quality; old world tradition vs. new world innovation; the styles of the local cuisines; and the concept of old world terrior-driven wines vs. new world fruit-driven wines.
In an even smaller nutshell, the “Old World” of wine is Europe and includes France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Hungary, Croatia, Austria, Bulgaria, and Romania. The “New World” of wine includes The United States, Canada, Australia, Chile, Argentina, New Zealand, and South Africa.
Old World Wines:
- Are subtle, elegant, and refined.
- Are earthy, and terrior-driven, and crafted to reflect the character of the vineyard.
- Are so expressive of the character of the “place” that they are frequently named after the area of origin, as opposed to the grape variety.
- Are crafted to support and complement the local cuisine.
- Are accepted as a part of daily life to be enjoyed with every meal, and therefore tend to be lighter in body and alcohol.
- Are protected and regulated by Europe’s vast system of wine regulations.
- Are based on the trial-and-error experience of countless generations that developed the ideal combination of grapes, viticultural practices, and wine making techniques that yield a particular wine style.
- Have established reputations and market recognition.
Artesa Winery – Totally Gorgeous
New World Wines:
- Are bold, lush, and opulent.
- Are fruit-driven, fruit-forward, and often named after the grape variety.
- Are crafted to complement the bold flavors of New World Cuisines.
- Are driven by research, experimentation, and innovation.
- Have very little regulatory limitations compared to the Old World (we’re the wild wild west…)
- Have little in the way of tradition to dictate styles.
- Are still struggling with the concept of what grapes grow best in which areas.
- Often make the choice of grape variety based on market-driven as opposed to terrior-driven forces.
- Are often expressions of the winemaker’s unique style.
- Have been accused of being “splashy” in order to garner market attention (how else can you explain “Cat’s Pee on a Gooseberry Bush?”)
When it comes to Asia, while grape-based winemaking is certainly a new industry in many part of Asia, the roots, while rather obscure, go back a long way. The wine world can’t really decide how to label this up-and-coming wine powerhouse. Some are calling Asia the “New New World,” some are calling it the “Third Wine World,” and some think we should just stick to calling it “Asia.”
The Bubbly Professor is “Miss Jane” Nickles of Austin, Texas… missjane@prodigy.net
The Best of the Veneto: The DOCG’s
February 22, 2013 3 Comments
At last count, The Veneto has 14 DOCG’s. Read on to learn more about them!
Amarone della Valpolicella: Amarone della Valpolicella received its DOCG in 2009. Amarone is a well-known version of Valpolicella made using the partially dried grape process known as apassimento. The grapes used for Amarone must be dried until December 1st following the harvest. The wine must also be aged for two years from the 1st of January following the vintage. (Riserva versions must be aged 4 years from November 1st of the vintage year.) The minimum alcohol percentage of Amarone della Valpolicella is 14%. While technically considered a dry wine, small amounts of residual sugar are allowed; the amount allowed is in proportion to the amount of alcohol with higher alcohol wines allowed slightly larger amounts of R.S. Interesting factoid: Along with the 2009 DOCG decree, Molinara is no longer a required component of Amarone della Valpolicella, although it may be used in small amounts for blending.
Recioto della Valpolicella: Like Amarone, Recioto della Valpolicella received its DOCG in 2009. Also like Amarone, Recioto is made from well-ripened grapes that are left to dry following the harvest. The grapes for Recioto must be dried until January 1st following the harvest – one month longer than for Amarone. Unlike Amarone, which is fermented dry (or near-dry), fermentation is arrested in a Recioto at about 12% alcohol, leaving a good deal of residual sugar. Recioto della Valpolicella is a rich, highly extracted, sweet wine with a velvety texture. Only a tiny amount of Recioto della Valpolicella is produced each year; about 2% of the total production of Valpolicella is made into Recioto.
Soave Superiore: The Soave Superiore DOCG was created in 2002 to differentiate some of the large, productive region’s highest quality wines. As in a typical Soave, the Soave Superiore blend is based on 70% Garganega. Other white varieties, including Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Verdicchio, Friulano, Cortese, Riesling Italico and Serprina (aka Glera) are allowed in varying degrees to fill up the remaining 30%. Soave Superiore must have a minimum alcohol level of at least 11.5% as opposed to 10.5% for “regular” Soave DOC wines; yields are stricter as well.
The geographic area of the new Soave Superiore DOCG includes the vineyards that were previously the Soave Classico zone as well as some hillside vineyards beyond the original Classico zone. The wines grown in this new part of the zone may be labeled as Soave Colli Scaligeri Superiore DOCG, a name referring to the Scaligieri family, Lords of Verona, who were once owners of the region.
Recioto di Soave: Recioto di Soave received its DOCG in 1998. This is a sweet white wine from the typical Soave blend based on Garganega, produced in the passito style.
Recioto di Gambellara: Gambellara is well known for its dry white wines made from Garganega, Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay and Verdicchio. Located about 8 miles east of Soave, comparisons are inevitable; Gambellara is often thought of the “poor cousin” to Soave. However, the passito-produced, sweet version known as Recioto di Gambellara is highly regarded and received DOCG status in 2008. Alas, Recioto di Gambellara is produced in very small quantities and is rarely seen in America. Interesting factoid: The region also produces Vin Santo di Gambellara. It seems a trip in is order.
Colli Asolani (aka Asolo Prosecco): In 2009 and 2010, along with the change of the name of the Prosecco grape variety to Glera and an expansion of the boundaries of the Prosecco zone, DOCG’s were awarded to two sub-regions within the Prosecco DOC. The Colli Asolani region extends for about five miles along a ridge of gently rolling hills between the towns of Cornuda and Asolo. The finest vineyards in the Colli Asolani are planted on the southern slopes of the hills, which provide maximum sun exposure, a gentle sloping grade, loose soils, and excellent drainage.
Prosecco di Conegliano Valdobbiadene: If you are a Prosecco lover (and they are legion), you are undoubtedly already familiar with the communes of Conegliano and Valdobbiadance, long considered the finest areas within the Prosecco DOC. In 2009, along with the expansion of the Prosecco DOC and several other changes, the authorities made it “official” by awarding the Communes (and 13 other towns and villages) a DOCG under the umbrella of “Conegliano Valdobbiadene.” Similar to labeling pracitices before the DOCG was granted, a wine can use either commune name (or both) on the label. Wines that are produced from the vineyards within the San Pietro di Barbossa area (east of the commune of Valdobbiadene) can also add the term “Superiore di Cartizze” on the label.
Colli di Conegliano: While Conegliano is best known for Prosecco, the region does produce still wines as well. A small area west of the town itself, known as Colli di Conegliano DOC since 1993, has a tradition of producing still wines, including red, white, and passito versions.
As of 2011, some of the region’s best wines were elevated to the status of Colli di Conegliano DOCG. Red DOCG wines can be made from the Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Marzemino, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, and Incrocio Manzoni grape varieties. Reds must be aged in wood for at least six months, one year for the riserva version. White wines with Colli di Conegliano DOCG status must be made from 33% Incrocio Manzoni and a balance of either Chardonnay or Pinot Bianco. Sauvignon Blanc and Riesing are allowed, in a combined maximum of 10%. There is no aging requirement for the white wines, except that the earliest allowed release date is May 1st following the harvest.
Montello Rosso: The Montello wine region, towards the Northern portion of the Veneto, covers an 8-mile swath from Cornuda to Castelcucco, and includes at least 16 villages in between. This area was inducted into the world of Italy’s DOC’s in 2011 and Montello Rosso was immediately elevated to DOCG status. Montello Rosso wines are made from a Bordeaux-inspired blend of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, and Carmenere.
Bardolino Superiore: Bardolino Superiore was granted DOCG status in 2001, and unlike some of the new DOCG’s with rather complicated regulations, still refers to a typcial Bardolino, which must be made in the dry style, and with the added requirement of at least one year of aging.
Friularo di Bagnoli: The Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG, another new addition to the DOCG world, is located in the southern half of the Padua province. The DOCG covers red wines made from the indigenous Friularo variety, also known as Raboso. The Raboso grape ripens late and thrives in the cold weather that creeps into the area around November. The term “Friularo” might even have come from the latin term for cold, “Frigus” (in Venetian “Frigoearo”). The Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG makes dry red wines, riserva wines, late harvest (vendemmia tardiva) wines harvested after Novmber 11, and wines in the passito style.
Piave Malanotte (aka Malanotte del Piave): The entire Piave zone, first granted DOC status in 1963, is the largest viticultural region in the Veneto, covering more than 50 communes in the area between Treviso and Vincenza.
The Piave Malanotte DOCG was granted a separate DOC and immediately elevated to DOCG in 2011. Piave Malanotte dares to produce red wines in this region dominated by white wines and bubbly. Piave Malanotte must be made from at least 95% Raboso, although this may be divided between Raboso Piave (considered the superior version) and Raboso Veronese, which may account for no more than 30% of the finished blend. This DOCG has some very strict standards. Any wine bearing the Piave Malanotte DOCG label must be aged for at least three years before release, and 15- 30% of the grapes must under go the appassimento drying process until at least December 8th following the vintage. For these reasons, Piave Malanotte is among the most expensive wines of the Veneto.
Lison: Lison is a new DOCG for white wines made from the Tai (formerly Tocai) grape variety. Lison was, until recently, part of the Lison-Pramaggiore DOC. The Lison-Pramaggiore DOC produces a variety of wines including varietals, rosso blends, bianco blends, and sparkling wines based on both indigenous grapes and international varieties. In 2010 the region of Lison was split off from the Lison-Pramaggiore DOC, and was elevated to DOCG status for white wines only.
The geographical boundaries of the Lison DOCG actually cross over from the eastern Veneto into the western portion of Fruili-Veneiza Guilia, making it the only DOCG in Italy to be shared by more than one political region.
Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio: The Colli Euganei hills, located just south of the town of Padua, are named for the semi-mythical Euganei people who lived in the area before the arrival of the Veneti and the Roman Empire. The hills themselves are of volcanic origin making the soil uniquely rich in minerals. The Colli Euganei DOC was established in 1969 and makes (at last count) at least 12 different wines, including red blends, white blends, varietals and sparkling wines. Merlot, Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, Cabernet Franc, and Tai are widely grown here, as is the Glera grape variety, which goes by the local name of Serprina.
But enough about the DOC. In 2011, a sweet, sparkling wine made from the Fior d’Arancia grape was singled out for elevation to DOCG status. The Fior d’Arnacia grape variety, whose name can be translated to “orange blossom” is known elsewhere are Orange Muscat or Muscat Fleur d’Oranger. A sweet, sparkling wine made from Muscat…who would have thought?
Good Luck with your studies!
The Bubbly Professor is “Miss Jane” Nickles of Austin, Texas missjane@prodigy.net
